How is light affected by massive objects?

Light is affected by massive objects through a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing, where the curvature of spacetime caused by the mass bends the path of light traveling near the object. This effect, predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity, can cause distant objects to appear distorted, magnified, or even multiple images to be formed. Additionally, massive objects can also redshift light, altering its wavelength as it escapes their gravitational pull.