What experiment could be designed to test whether the two populations are one species or two?

To determine if the two populations are one species or two, a common experiment would involve conducting a series of hybridization tests. This could include crossing individuals from both populations and assessing the viability and fertility of the offspring. Additionally, researchers could analyze genetic markers to evaluate genetic divergence and reproductive isolation between the populations. Observing behavioral traits and ecological preferences could also provide insights into their potential speciation status.