What they used before toilets were invented?

Many used outhouses, a shed with a bench inside with holes cut in it. There was either a deep pit dug below the bench, or hay which could be muckd out. In more urban areas, there was the chamber pot which was then emptied into the street or sewer drain. The ancient Romans had an equivalent to a "flush" toilet with stone benches which drained to a flowing water supply to carry away waste.