The early israelites recored events an laws in a text that is called what?

In Hebrew it is called the Torah. This is what the first five books of The Bible are called. These books are often referred to as the "Five Books of Moses," or, in Hebrew, the (c)humash, meaning "The Five." The first five books together with those of the Old Testament that follow them are called in Hebrew the "Tana(c)h." This is an acronym of "Torah, Nevi-im, Ketubim," meaning "the Law, the Prophets, the Writings."