by where they form in the atmosphere and their shape- ombudsman
Howard noted that there are three basic shapes to clouds:
- heaps of separated cloud masses with flat bottoms and cauliflower tops, which he named cumulus (Latin for heap);
- layers of cloud much wider than they are thick, like a blanket or a mattress, which he named stratus (Latin for layer);
- wispy curls, like a child's hair, which he called cirrus (Latin for curl).
To clouds generating precipitation, he gave the name nimbus (Latin for rain).
Clouds are found in three layers in the lower atmosphere. Thus, with four types of clouds and three layers, we come up with 12 major cloud types that have evolved from Howard's pioneering work.
- Heaps:Cumulus family
- Fair weather cumulus
- Swelling cumulus
- Cumulus congestus
- Layers: Stratus family
- Stratus
- altostratus
- cirrostratus
- Layered Heaps
- stratocumulus
- altocumulus
- cirrocumulus
- Precipitating clouds
- cumulonimbus
- cirrus
- nimbostratus
