The annexation of Texas in 1845 was controversial primarily due to the issue of slavery, as Texas was a slaveholding republic. Many Northern politicians opposed its admission to the Union, fearing it would increase the power of slave states and further entrench the institution of slavery in American society. This conflict intensified sectional tensions, contributing to the broader national debate over slavery and leading to the eventual outbreak of the Civil War. The annexation was a key moment in the expansion of the U.S. and highlighted the deep divisions between North and South.
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