Where did the superstition beginners luck originate from?

The expression "beginner's luck" has nothing to do with any known superstition.

It is a term or turn of phrase that explains how a relative newcomer to any game of skill of chance can at first try beat of out do people of experience and skill.

Most often it is said with a certain amount of disdain by one of the more experienced and/or skilled people to explain the unlikelihood of their having been beaten.