What were labor unions of that period as shown in the railroad strike of 1877 the Haymarket affair of 1886 and the Pullman Strike of 1894?

Labor unions during the late 19th century, as exemplified by the railroad strike of 1877, the Haymarket affair of 1886, and the Pullman Strike of 1894, were pivotal in advocating for workers' rights amid rapid industrialization and harsh labor conditions. These strikes highlighted the growing discontent among workers over issues like wages, hours, and safety, often leading to violent confrontations with authorities and employers. The events underscored the challenges unions faced in their fight for better labor conditions, while also marking a significant period of mobilization and solidarity among workers. Ultimately, these incidents played a crucial role in shaping the labor movement and the eventual establishment of more formal labor rights in the United States.