The continental drift theory primarily explains the historical movement of continents over geological time, proposing that they were once joined together in a single landmass called Pangaea and have since drifted apart. In contrast, plate tectonic theory provides a more comprehensive framework that includes the mechanisms driving this movement, such as mantle convection, and accounts for the interactions between tectonic plates, including their formation, destruction, and the geological phenomena associated with these processes. Essentially, continental drift focuses on the "where" and "how far" of continent movement, while plate tectonics delves into the "why" and the broader dynamics of Earth's lithosphere.
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