Why might people have continued living and working in urban areas despite the high mortality rate harsh living conditions and dangerous low-paying jobs?

People may have continued living and working in urban areas despite harsh conditions due to the allure of economic opportunities and the potential for upward mobility that cities often provide. Urban environments typically offer more diverse job options, access to services, and social networks that can support individuals in times of hardship. Additionally, the promise of better living standards, education, and cultural experiences can outweigh the risks associated with urban life. Finally, for many, the absence of viable alternatives in rural areas may compel them to stay in cities despite the challenges.