How did this belief differ from the viewpoints of the European settlers and their American descendants?

The belief in the inherent superiority of European settlers often contrasted sharply with the views of Indigenous peoples and their cultures, which were seen as primitive or inferior by many settlers. European settlers tended to view the land as a resource to be exploited for agriculture and development, whereas Indigenous peoples held a more communal and spiritual connection to the land. Additionally, as American descendants emerged, they often adopted a narrative that justified expansion and Manifest Destiny, further entrenching the belief in their cultural and racial superiority over both Native Americans and other groups. This mindset fueled policies of displacement and assimilation, leading to significant cultural and societal impacts.