How do fiscal and monetary policy affect the nations economy?

Fiscal policy, which involves government spending and taxation decisions, directly influences economic activity by affecting aggregate demand. When the government increases spending or cuts taxes, it can stimulate growth and reduce unemployment. On the other hand, monetary policy, controlled by a nation's central bank, involves managing interest rates and money supply to ensure price stability and encourage investment. Together, these policies help regulate inflation, stabilize the economy, and promote sustainable growth.