Explain how crumple zones work to protect the driver and passengers in an accident?

answer:

Crumple zones work like what it Word implies, crumple, or squeezing inwards.

I think the idea stemmed out from Newton's 3rd Universal law of Motion, wherein it states: "for every action, there's an equal and opposite reaction."

Meaning, if a car bumps another car, the facts may look like these:

Car A = 2000 kgs.

= running at X1 speed

= with coefficient of friction at Y1

Car B = 1000 kgs

= running at X2 speed

= with coefficient of friction at Y2

Supposedly, if the two cars bumped onto each other, Car A will have the biggest destruction, because of details. So, to lessen the destruction, you lessen the details by letting the energy built on impact be absorbed momentously in the process. Energy built will be released will not be then on an "opposite reaction", but will be transfered to multi-directions. Okay?