What are the main parts of an arrow?

different parts of the Archery bow and assembly

They are the lower limb, arrow rest. back, string notch, nock, face, string height*, upper limb, handle (also called "riser"), string, and recurve**.

*Note that string height is a measurement from the arrow rest to the nocking point

**Note that "recurve" is a shape of the limbs.

Modern "compound bows" have cams, cables, guides , for hunting: often noise suppressors, for target shooting also counterweights, sights of various types...