How does electronegativity affect the polarity of the bond between 2 atoms?

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond. When two atoms with differing electronegativities form a bond, the atom with the higher electronegativity attracts the shared electrons more strongly, leading to an unequal distribution of electron density. This results in a polar bond, characterized by a dipole moment, where one end of the bond becomes partially negative and the other partially positive. Conversely, if the atoms have similar electronegativities, the bond is typically nonpolar, as the electron density is shared more equally.