How were the societies that existed in old and new worlds before transatlantic travel similar?

Before transatlantic travel, societies in both the Old World (Europe, Asia, and Africa) and the New World (Americas) shared similarities in their social structures, agriculture, and trade systems. Both regions developed complex societies with hierarchical systems, often centered around agriculture and resource management. Additionally, trade networks existed in both worlds, facilitating the exchange of goods, ideas, and technologies. Spiritual beliefs and cultural practices were also integral to these societies, reflecting a deep connection to their environments.