What are the concepts of organizational structure?

Organizational structure refers to the system that outlines how certain activities are directed to achieve an organization’s goals. Key concepts include hierarchy, which defines levels of authority and responsibility; departmentalization, which groups functions and tasks based on similarities; and span of control, which determines the number of subordinates a manager can effectively oversee. Additionally, organizational structure can be categorized into various types, such as functional, divisional, matrix, and flat structures, each impacting communication and workflow differently.