Which of the Italian states became a great commercial and naval power during the Crusades How did it do this?

During the Crusades, the Italian states of Venice and Genoa emerged as great commercial and naval powers. They capitalized on the demand for transport and supplies for the Crusaders, establishing trade routes and naval fleets to ferry troops and goods to the Holy Land. Their strategic locations and maritime expertise allowed them to dominate trade in the Mediterranean, leading to significant economic gains and influence in both European and Middle Eastern markets. This expansion solidified their roles as leading commercial hubs for centuries to come.