Translation occurs in three main phases: initiation, elongation, and termination. During initiation, the ribosome assembles around the mRNA, and the first tRNA molecule pairs with the start codon. In the elongation phase, amino acids are sequentially added to the growing polypeptide chain as tRNAs bring in their corresponding amino acids. Finally, termination occurs when a stop codon is reached, leading to the release of the completed polypeptide chain from the ribosome.
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