Where is the ionosphere and what are its function?

The ionosphere is a region of Earth's upper atmosphere, extending from about 30 miles (48 kilometers) to 600 miles (965 kilometers) above the surface, where solar radiation ionizes atmospheric gases. Its primary functions include reflecting and refracting radio waves, facilitating long-distance communication, and affecting satellite and GPS signals. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in protecting the planet from harmful solar and cosmic radiation.