What were three hypothesis that scientists formed about what caused deformation in frogs?

Scientists proposed several hypotheses regarding the deformation of frogs, including environmental pollutants such as pesticides and heavy metals, which could disrupt normal development. Another hypothesis suggested that parasitic infections, particularly from a type of flatworm, might lead to physical abnormalities. Additionally, some researchers considered genetic factors and habitat destruction as potential contributors to the observed deformities in frog populations.