One of the earliest Mesopotamian cities to utilize agriculture was Eridu, often considered one of the oldest cities in the world. Emerging around 5400 BCE in southern Mesopotamia, Eridu's inhabitants practiced irrigation farming, which allowed them to cultivate crops such as barley and wheat. This agricultural development played a crucial role in the growth of urban societies in the region. The success of agriculture in Eridu set the stage for the rise of other significant Mesopotamian cities.
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