What is a settlement owned and ruled different country?

A settlement owned and ruled by a different country is typically referred to as a colony or an overseas territory. In such cases, the governing nation exercises political control, often implementing its laws and policies, while the local population may have limited representation or autonomy. These settlements can arise through colonization, conquest, or diplomatic agreements, and they often reflect complex relationships between the governing and local cultures. Examples include Puerto Rico, which is a territory of the United States, and Gibraltar, which is a British Overseas Territory.