"margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal;">In the early days of
the Roman Republic the patricians (the aristocracy) monopolised
political power by monopolising the seats of the senate, the
consulship (the office of the two annually elected heads of the
Republic) and the priesthoods. As a result of the 200-year conflict
of the Orders between patricians and plebeians (the commoners), the
rich plebeians obtained power-sharing and gained access to the
consulship and the senate. They also gained access to the offices
of state which were created as the Republic developed (the
censorship and the praetorship) and to some of the priesthoods.
"margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal;">
"margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:normal;">The grievances of the
poor plebeians were different from those of the rich ones. They
were economic. They were (originally) the abuse of defaulting
debtors by (rich) creditors, indebtedness and the interest rates of
loans; and the shortage of land for peasant farmers. Traditionally,
farmers were given plots of land which were just about enough for
feeding their families. The rest of the land was public land which
could be utilised for common use. However, the rich landlords
expanded their estates at the expense of the public land.
Therefore, the amount of land available to poor farmers became
insufficient and there were demands for redistributing land to the
poor.
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