How did changes in methods and technology improve agriculture in medieval times?

During medieval times, advancements in methods and technology significantly enhanced agricultural productivity. The introduction of the three-field system allowed for more efficient crop rotation, leading to improved soil fertility and increased yields. Innovations such as the heavy plow and the horse collar enabled deeper tilling of soil and the use of horses for plowing, which were more efficient than oxen. These changes collectively contributed to greater food production, supporting population growth and urbanization.