What is the name for the process of the separation of 2 liquids?

You can use a sieve if the solid is in the form of large particles. Otherwise filter paper can work nicely.

In addition distillation could be used, where the liquid is evaporated and then condensed in another container, thus leaving the solid behind.

If the solid is magnetic then a magnet could be used to pull the solid out from the liquid.

Some procedures are:

- filtering

- decantation

- crystallization

- centrifugation

- freeze-drying

- evaporation (distillation) and condensation

- fluid-bed drying

- spray drying