What are biological indicators on water pollution?

Biological indicators of water pollution are organisms or biological communities that reflect the health of aquatic ecosystems and the quality of water. Common indicators include macroinvertebrates, such as mayflies and caddisflies, which are sensitive to pollution and can indicate changes in water quality. The presence, absence, or abundance of certain species can help assess levels of organic matter, toxic substances, and overall ecological balance in a water body. Monitoring these indicators is essential for effective water quality management and pollution control.