What discovery was the Enlightenment scientist Johannes Kepler famous for?

Johannes Kepler is famous for formulating the three laws of planetary motion, which describe the orbits of planets around the Sun. His first law states that planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun at one focus, while his second law, known as the law of areas, indicates that a line segment joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time. His third law establishes a relationship between the time a planet takes to orbit the Sun and its distance from the Sun, laying foundational principles for modern astronomy. Kepler's work significantly advanced the understanding of celestial mechanics and challenged the long-held geocentric model of the universe.