Why does a 2003 Volvo crank but not start?

A 2003 Volvo that cranks but does not start may have several potential issues. Common causes include a faulty fuel pump or clogged fuel filter, which can prevent fuel from reaching the engine. Additionally, problems with the ignition system, such as bad spark plugs or ignition coils, can also inhibit starting. Lastly, checking for any error codes with an OBD-II scanner can help identify electronic issues.