During World War II, Greece was initially ruled by Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas, who led a Dictatorship until his death in 1941. Following the Axis invasion in April 1941, Greece was occupied by German, Italian, and Bulgarian forces, leading to the establishment of a collaborationist government under King George II, who had fled to Egypt. The occupation lasted until 1944, significantly impacting the Greek population and resistance movements.
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