How does a smokers vital capacity with non smokers?

Smokers typically have a reduced vital capacity compared to non-smokers due to the harmful effects of tobacco smoke on lung function. Smoking leads to inflammation, airway obstruction, and damage to lung tissues, which can diminish the lungs' ability to expand fully. As a result, smokers may experience decreased lung volume and overall respiratory efficiency. This reduction in vital capacity can contribute to chronic respiratory issues and decreased physical performance over time.