How do you discipline a child for the first twelve months?

During the first twelve months, discipline should focus on setting a foundation for positive behavior rather than punishment, as infants and toddlers are still developing their understanding of actions and consequences. Techniques such as redirecting their attention, using calm and consistent verbal cues, and modeling appropriate behavior are effective. It's important to create a safe environment where children can explore while also establishing routines to help them feel secure. Positive reinforcement, such as praise for good behavior, can also encourage desired actions.