What wavelengths of light are able to entirely penetrate the earth's atmosphere and reach the surface?

The wavelengths of light that can entirely penetrate the Earth's atmosphere and reach the surface primarily fall within the visible spectrum, specifically from about 400 to 700 nanometers. Additionally, some near-infrared wavelengths (up to around 1,100 nanometers) can also reach the surface. Ultraviolet light, particularly shorter wavelengths, is mostly absorbed by the atmosphere. Overall, the atmosphere allows a significant portion of solar radiation in the visible range to reach the Earth's surface, which is crucial for photosynthesis and life.