What is the law regarding boarding a vessel under maritime law?

Under maritime law, the right to board a vessel is typically governed by the principles of jurisdiction and authority, which can include the vessel's flag state laws and international treaties. Generally, enforcement officers, such as coast guard officials, have the authority to board vessels to enforce laws related to safety, Immigration, or environmental regulations. However, unauthorized boarding can lead to claims of piracy or trespass, emphasizing the need for legal justification. Furthermore, the doctrine of "hot pursuit" allows states to pursue and board vessels fleeing their jurisdiction under specific circumstances.