What marked the greatest advance in the field of the judicial settlement of international disputies?

The greatest advance in the judicial settlement of international disputes was marked by the establishment of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) in 1922, followed by its successor, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) in 1945. These institutions provided a formalized and institutional framework for states to resolve disputes peacefully through legal means, enhancing the rule of law in international relations. Their establishment represented a significant shift towards judicial methods of conflict resolution, promoting diplomacy and dialogue over war. Additionally, these courts have contributed to the development of international law and the principle of accountability among nations.