When were the five civilized tribes fully removed?

The Five Civilized Tribes, which include the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole nations, were fully removed from their ancestral lands primarily during the 1830s, with the Indian Removal Act of 1830 facilitating this process. The most notorious event was the Trail of Tears, which occurred between 1838 and 1839, particularly affecting the Cherokee Nation. By the mid-1840s, most members of these tribes had been forcibly relocated to designated Indian Territory, present-day Oklahoma.