Which two cultures believed that monsters of chaos roamed the earth in the twelve days around the winter solstice?

Both the ancient Romans and the Norse cultures believed that chaotic monsters roamed the earth during the twelve days around the winter solstice. The Romans celebrated the festival of Saturnalia, a time of revelry and disorder, while the Norse held Yule festivities, during which they recognized the potential for chaos and darkness in the winter season. These beliefs were rooted in the symbolism of light overcoming darkness as the days began to lengthen after the solstice.