What kind of experiment is one in which a group that receives some experimental treatment is compared to a group that does not receive the experimental treatment?

This type of experiment is known as a controlled experiment or a randomized controlled trial (RCT). In such studies, one group, called the experimental group, receives the treatment, while the other group, known as the control group, does not. This design allows researchers to isolate the effects of the treatment by comparing outcomes between the two groups, helping to establish causality. Random assignment to groups is often used to minimize bias and ensure that the groups are comparable.