The Marbury v. Madison case, decided in 1803, is crucial in Supreme Court history as it established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Court to invalidate laws and executive actions that are inconsistent with the Constitution. This landmark decision solidified the judiciary's role as a co-equal branch of government and set a precedent for the protection of constitutional rights. By asserting the power to interpret the Constitution, the case fundamentally shaped the balance of power among the branches of government in the United States.
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