What we call the Actions that produce unintended consequences that are harmful to society?

The actions that produce unintended consequences harmful to society are often referred to as "perverse incentives" or "unintended consequences." These occur when policies or decisions lead to outcomes that are contrary to the intended goals, typically due to a lack of foresight or understanding of complex systems. Such actions can exacerbate existing problems or create new challenges, highlighting the importance of careful planning and consideration in decision-making processes.