What important process led to food surplus and an end of hunting Gathering and migration?

The important process that led to food surplus and the end of hunting-gathering and migration was the Agricultural Revolution, also known as the Neolithic Revolution. This transition involved the domestication of plants and animals, allowing communities to produce their own food rather than relying on wild resources. As agriculture became established, it enabled populations to settle in one place, leading to the development of permanent settlements and eventually complex societies. This shift facilitated food surpluses, which supported larger populations and the rise of civilization.