What effect did Grant's grim and steady campaign against Lee have on the war?

Grant's grim and steady campaign against Lee significantly shifted the dynamics of the Civil War by applying relentless pressure on the Confederate forces. His strategy of continuous engagement, regardless of casualties, drained Southern resources and morale while bolstering Union resolve. This approach ultimately led to the attrition of Lee's army and set the stage for Union victories, culminating in Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House in 1865. Grant's tactics showcased the effectiveness of a war of attrition in achieving strategic objectives.