Why did the french switch from the policy of assimilation to the policy of association?

The French switched from the policy of assimilation to the policy of association primarily due to the challenges and failures of assimilation in their colonies. Assimilation aimed to impose French culture and values on colonized peoples, often leading to resistance and resentment. The policy of association, introduced in the early 20th century, recognized the distinct cultures of colonized societies while still maintaining French control, allowing for a more pragmatic and cooperative approach to governance. This shift was also influenced by changing global attitudes towards colonialism and the desire to stabilize colonial rule.