What was the first satellite to go into orbit what year was it placed into orbit and what is it designed to study?

The first satellite to successfully enter Earth orbit was the so-called "Sputnik-I".

Launched on October 4, 1957 from the USSR, it stayed up for about 3 months.

It was designed to achieve the greatest possible PR victory just by being there,

and didn't study anything ... something like the world's most famous supermodel

sent to spend an afternoon walking through the halls of the New York Public Library

without stopping.