How do you calculate government's operating surplus or deficit?

To calculate a government's operating surplus or deficit, subtract total government expenditures from total government revenues. If revenues exceed expenditures, the result is an operating surplus; if expenditures exceed revenues, it results in a deficit. This calculation typically includes only current operating revenues and expenses, excluding capital expenditures and revenues. The formula can be expressed as: Operating Surplus/Deficit = Total Revenues - Total Expenditures.