How does electron carriers work?

Electron carriers are molecules that transport electrons during cellular processes, particularly in cellular respiration and photosynthesis. They facilitate the transfer of electrons through a series of redox reactions, helping to convert energy stored in nutrients into usable forms, such as ATP. Key electron carriers include NAD+ and FAD, which accept electrons and become reduced (NADH and FADH2), subsequently donating these electrons to the electron transport chain to drive ATP production. This efficient transfer of electrons is crucial for maintaining energy balance in living organisms.