How is atherosclerosis related to LDL and HDL?

Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the buildup of plaques in the arterial walls, which can lead to cardiovascular diseases. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because high levels can contribute to plaque formation in arteries. In contrast, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as "good" cholesterol, as it helps transport cholesterol away from the arteries and back to the liver for excretion. A healthy balance of HDL and LDL is crucial in preventing atherosclerosis and maintaining cardiovascular health.