How much money has been spent to date on the ISS?

As of 2021, the total estimated cost of the International Space Station (ISS) is around $150 billion, which includes construction, maintenance, and operational expenses since its inception in the late 1990s. This figure encompasses contributions from multiple international partners, including NASA, Roscosmos, ESA, JAXA, and CSA. Ongoing operations continue to add to this cost, but exact figures may vary as new investments and expenditures occur.