How can polaris be used for navigation?

Polaris, also known as the North Star, is a reliable navigation aid because it is positioned nearly directly above the North Pole. Its altitude in the sky corresponds closely to the latitude of the observer, allowing navigators to determine their latitude by measuring the angle between the horizon and Polaris. Since it remains relatively fixed in the night sky, sailors and travelers can use it to maintain a consistent northward course. This makes Polaris especially useful for navigation in the Northern Hemisphere.