Did the Populist advance or hinder the struggle of black southerners for social justice?

The Populist movement in the late 19th century had a complex relationship with the struggle of black southerners for social justice. While the Populists initially sought to unite poor white and black farmers against economic oppression, racial tensions and white supremacy ultimately hindered this collaboration. Many white Populists prioritized their racial identities over solidarity with black citizens, leading to the exclusion of black voices from the movement. Consequently, while the Populists aimed to address economic injustices, their inability to fully embrace racial equality significantly limited their positive impact on the social justice struggles of black southerners.